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Standard C Libraries
rand
Description:
Include:
Prototype:
Return Value:
Remarks:
Example:
Generates a pseudo-random integer.
<stdlib.h>
int rand(void);
Returns an integer between 0 and RAND_MAX.
Calls to this function return pseudo-random integer values in the range
[0, RAND_MAX ]. To use this function effectively, you must seed the ran-
dom number generator using the srand function. This function will
always return the same sequence of integers when no seeds are used
(as in the example below) or when identical seed values are used. (See
srand for seed example.)
#include <stdio.h> /* for printf */
#include <stdlib.h> /* for rand */
int main(void)
{
int x;
for (x = 0; x < 5; x++)
printf("Number = %d\n", rand());
}
Output:
Number
Number
Number
Number
Number
=
=
=
=
=
21422
2061
16443
11617
9125
Notice if the program is run a second time, the numbers are the same.
See the example for srand to seed the random number generator.
realloc
Description:
Include:
Prototype:
Reallocates memory to allow a size change.
<stdlib.h>
void *realloc(void * ptr , size_t size );
Arguments:
ptr
size
points to previously allocated memory
new size to allocate to
Return Value:
Remarks:
? 2008 Microchip Technology Inc.
Returns a pointer to the allocated space if successful; otherwise,
returns a null pointer.
If the existing object is smaller than the new object, the entire existing
object is copied to the new object and the remainder of the new object
is indeterminate. If the existing object is larger than the new object, the
function copies as much of the existing object as will fit in the new
object. If realloc succeeds in allocating a new object, the existing
object will be deallocated; otherwise, the existing object is left
unchanged. Keep a temporary pointer to the existing object since
realloc will return a null pointer on failure.
DS51456E-page 107
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